reStructuredText 示例 ¶

Examples of Syntax Constructs ¶

Author:

David Goodger

Address:

123 Example Street Example, EX Canada A1B 2C3

Contact:

docutils-develop@lists.sourceforge.net

Authors:

Me; Myself; I

organization:

humankind

date:

$Date: 2012-01-03 20:23:53 +0100 (Di, 03. J盲n 2012) $

status:

This is a “work in progress”

revision:

$Revision: 7302 $

version:

1

copyright:

This document has been placed in the public domain. You may do with it as you wish. You may copy, modify, redistribute, reattribute, sell, buy, rent, lease, destroy, or improve it, quote it at length, excerpt, incorporate, collate, fold, staple, or mutilate it, or do anything else to it that your or anyone else’s heart desires.

field name:

This is a generic bibliographic field.

field name 2:

Generic bibliographic fields may contain multiple body elements.

Like this.

Dedication:

For Docutils users & co-developers.

abstract:

This document is a demonstration of the reStructuredText markup language, containing examples of all basic reStructuredText constructs and many advanced constructs.

Structural Elements 结构元素 ¶

Section Title 块标题 ¶

That’s it, the text just above this line.

Transitions 分割线 ¶

Here’s a transition:

It divides the section.

Body Elements 主体元素 ¶

Paragraphs 段落 ¶

A paragraph.

Inline Markup 内联标记 ¶

包括：粗体斜体引用超链接

Paragraphs contain text and may contain inline markup: emphasis, strong emphasis, inline literals, standalone hyperlinks (http://www.python.org), external hyperlinks (Python [5]), internal cross-references (example), external hyperlinks with embedded URIs (Python web site), footnote references (manually numbered [1], anonymous auto-numbered [3], labeled auto-numbered [2], or symbolic [*]), citation references ([CIT2002]), substitution references ( EXAMPLE ), and inline hyperlink targets (see Targets below for a reference back to here). Character-level inline markup is also possible (although exceedingly ugly!) in reStructuredText. Problems are indicated by |problematic| text (generated by processing errors; this one is intentional).

The default role for interpreted text is Title Reference. Here are some explicit interpreted text roles: a PEP reference (PEP 287); an RFC reference (RFC 2822); a _subscript; a ^superscript; and explicit roles for standard inline markup.

Let’s test wrapping and whitespace significance in inline literals: This is an example of --inline-literal --text, --including some-- strangely--hyphenated-words. Adjust-the-width-of-your-browser-window to see how the text is wrapped. -- ---- -------- Now note the spacing between the words of this sentence (words should be grouped in pairs).

If the --pep-references option was supplied, there should be a live link to PEP 258 here.

Bullet Lists 无编号列表 ¶

A bullet list
- Nested bullet list.
- Nested item 2.
Item 2.

Paragraph 2 of item 2.
- Nested bullet list.
- Nested item 2.
  - Third level.
  - Item 2.
- Nested item 3.

Enumerated Lists 有编号列表 ¶

Arabic numerals.
1. lower alpha)
  1. (lower roman)
    1. upper alpha.
      1. upper roman)
Lists that don’t start at 1:
1. Three
2. Four
1. C
2. D
1. iii
2. iv
List items may also be auto-enumerated.

Definition Lists 定义列表 ¶

Term

Definition

Termclassifier

Definition paragraph 1.

Definition paragraph 2.

Term

Definition

Field Lists ¶

what:

Field lists map field names to field bodies, like database records. They are often part of an extension syntax. They are an unambiguous variant of RFC 2822 fields.

how arg1 arg2:

The field marker is a colon, the field name, and a colon.

The field body may contain one or more body elements, indented relative to the field marker.

Option Lists 选项列表 ¶

For listing command-line options:

-a

command-line option “a”

-b file

options can have arguments and long descriptions

--long

options can be long also

--input=file

long options can also have arguments

--very-long-option

The description can also start on the next line.

The description may contain multiple body elements, regardless of where it starts.

-x, -y, -z

Multiple options are an “option group”.

-v, --verbose

Commonly-seen: short & long options.

-1 file, --one=file, --two file

Multiple options with arguments.

/V

DOS/VMS-style options too

There must be at least two spaces between the option and the description.

Literal Blocks 文字块 ¶

Literal blocks are indicated with a double-colon (“::”) at the end of the preceding paragraph (over there -->). They can be indented:

if literal_block:
    text = 'is left as-is'
    spaces_and_linebreaks = 'are preserved'
    markup_processing = None

Or they can be quoted without indentation:

>> Great idea!
>
> Why didn't I think of that?

Line Blocks ¶

This is a line block. It ends with a blank line.

Each new line begins with a vertical bar (“|”).

Line breaks and initial indents are preserved.

Continuation lines are wrapped portions of long lines; they begin with a space in place of the vertical bar.

The left edge of a continuation line need not be aligned with the left edge of the text above it.

This is a second line block.

Blank lines are permitted internally, but they must begin with a “|”.

Take it away, Eric the Orchestra Leader!

A one, two, a one two three four

Half a bee, philosophically,

must, ipso facto, half not be.

But half the bee has got to be,

vis a vis its entity. D’you see?

But can a bee be said to be

or not to be an entire bee,

when half the bee is not a bee,

due to some ancient injury?

Singing…

Block Quotes ¶

Block quotes consist of indented body elements:

My theory by A. Elk. Brackets Miss, brackets. This theory goes as follows and begins now. All brontosauruses are thin at one end, much much thicker in the middle and then thin again at the far end. That is my theory, it is mine, and belongs to me and I own it, and what it is too.

—Anne Elk (Miss)

Doctest Blocks ¶

>>> print 'Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>"'
Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>"
>>> print '(cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)'
(cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)

Tables 表格 ¶

Here’s a grid table followed by a simple table:

Header row, column 1 (header rows optional)	Header 2	Header 3	Header 4
body row 1, column 1	column 2	column 3	column 4
body row 2	Cells may span columns.
body row 3	Cells may span rows.	Table cells contain body elements.
body row 4	Cells may span rows.	Table cells contain body elements.
body row 5	Cells may also be empty: `-->`

Inputs		Output
A	B	A or B
False	False	False
True	False	True
False	True	True
True	True	True

Frozen Delights!¶
Treat	Quantity	Description
Albatross	2.99	On a stick!
Crunchy Frog	1.49	If we took the bones out, it wouldn’t be crunchy, now would it?
Gannet Ripple	1.99	On a stick!

rst的表格编写特别费劲，可以借助可视化工具

在线表格生成工具:: https://www.tablesgenerator.com/text_tables

Footnotes 脚注 ¶

Citations 引用 ¶

[CIT2002] (1,2)

Citations are text-labeled footnotes. They may be rendered separately and differently from footnotes.

Here’s a reference to the above, [CIT2002] , and a [nonexistent]_ citation.

Targets ¶

This paragraph is pointed to by the explicit “example” target. A reference can be found under `Inline Markup`_, above. Inline hyperlink targets are also possible.

Section headers are implicit targets, referred to by name. See Targets, which is a subsection of `Body Elements`_.

Explicit external targets are interpolated into references such as “Python [5]”.

Targets may be indirect and anonymous. Thus this phrase may also refer to the Targets section.

Here’s a `hyperlink reference without a target`_, which generates an error.

Duplicate Target Names ¶

Duplicate names in section headers or other implicit targets will generate “info” (level-1) system messages. Duplicate names in explicit targets will generate “warning” (level-2) system messages.

Duplicate Target Names ¶

Since there are two “Duplicate Target Names” section headers, we cannot uniquely refer to either of them by name. If we try to (like this: `Duplicate Target Names`_), an error is generated.

Directives 指令 ¶

These are just a sample of the many reStructuredText Directives. For others, please see http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/directives.html.

Document Parts ¶

An example of the “contents” directive can be seen above this section (a local, untitled table of contents_) and at the beginning of the document (a document-wide table of contents).

Images 图片 ¶

An image directive (also clickable – a hyperlink reference):

A figure directive:

reStructuredText, the markup syntax — A figure is an image with a caption and/or a legend:¶

re

Revised, revisited, based on ‘re’ module.

Structured

Structure-enhanced text, structuredtext.

Text

Well it is, isn’t it?

This paragraph is also part of the legend.

Admonitions 忠告 ¶

注意

Directives at large.

小心

Don’t take any wooden nickels.

危险

Mad scientist at work!

错误

Does not compute.

提示

It’s bigger than a bread box.

重要

Wash behind your ears.
Clean up your room.
Call your mother.
Back up your data.

备注

This is a note.

小技巧

15% if the service is good.

警告

Strong prose may provoke extreme mental exertion. Reader discretion is strongly advised.

And, by the way…

You can make up your own admonition too.

Topics, Sidebars, and Rubrics ¶

This is a rubric

Target Footnotes ¶

Replacement Text 文本替换 ¶

I recommend you try Python, the best language around [5].

Compound Paragraph 复合段落 ¶

This paragraph contains a literal block:

Connecting... OK
Transmitting data... OK
Disconnecting... OK

and thus consists of a simple paragraph, a literal block, and another simple paragraph. Nonetheless it is semantically one paragraph.

This construct is called a compound paragraph and can be produced with the “compound” directive.

Substitution Definitions 替代定义 ¶

An inline image ( EXAMPLE ) example:

(Substitution definitions are not visible in the HTML source.)

Comments 注释 ¶

Here’s one:

(View the HTML source to see the comment.)

Code 代码 ¶

各种语言的代码插入 ¶

import sys
print("dfddf")

echo "dfsdfs"
cat xxxx

Show Line Numbers 显示行号 ¶

You can add line numbers to code examples with the :linenos: parameter.

import sys
print("dfddf")

Highlight Lines ¶

You can have certain lines in an example highlighted line numbers to code examples with the :emphasize-lines: parameter. In the following example, line 2 (with the :emphasize-lines: directive) is highlighted.

\.. code-block:: javascript
\:emphasize-lines: 8,10,16

code . . .

插入独立代码文件 ¶

如下指令 .. code-block:: rst

.. literalinclude:: configuration.json :language: JSON

Math 数据公式 ¶

行内公式 ¶

上式中， $g(\pmb{\theta})$ 是 $\pmb{\theta}$ 的概率密度（质量）函数，公式第2行，乘以一个 $g(\pmb{\theta})$ ，然后再除以一个 $g(\pmb{\theta})$ 等式不变。 $\sum_{\theta \in \Theta} g(\pmb{\theta})$ 相当于对后面的部分 $\frac{L(\mathbf{Y},\pmb{\theta}|\pmb{\omega})}{g(\pmb{\theta})}$ 求期望，这样结合Jensen不等式得出第三行。

段落公式 ¶

IRT 公式

()¶\[P(\theta) = c + \frac{(1-c)}{1+e^{-Da(\theta-b)}}\]

复杂公式

()¶\[lnL(\mathbf{Y}|\pmb{\omega}) = \ ln \sum_{\pmb{\theta} \in \Theta} L(\mathbf{Y},\pmb{\theta}|\pmb{\omega}) \Leftrightarrow \sum_{\pmb{\theta} \in \Theta} g(\pmb{\theta} | \mathbf{Y},\pmb{\omega}) ln \frac{L(\mathbf{Y},\pmb{\theta}|\pmb{\omega})}{g(\pmb{\theta}|\mathbf{Y},\pmb{\omega})} \tag{6}\]

Error Handling ¶

Any errors caught during processing will generate system messages.

|*** Expect 6 errors (including this one). ***|

There should be six messages in the following, auto-generated section, “Docutils System Messages”:

re	Revised, revisited, based on ‘re’ module.
Structured	Structure-enhanced text, structuredtext.
Text	Well it is, isn’t it?